What's the difference between exploration and mining?
A typical exploration program includes an initial regional data collection phase followed by more specific examination of areas regarded as geologically significant. Small areas considered to be anomalous may then be selected for detailed investigation leading, in a small proportion of cases, to testing by drilling.
Exploration Licences may be issued for up to 5 years. A licence may cover up to 250 km2 (metallic, fuel, construction and industrial minerals), 500 km2 (geothermal), or larger areas for oil.
Mining means extracting minerals from the land for the purpose of producing them commercially, and includes processing and treating ore and the production of petroleum or geothermal products. A mining lease may be issued for any period the Minister determines and may be renewed. A production licence (for petroleum or geothermal) may be issued for up to 10 years, and can be extended upon application. The area of land contained in a lease is to be the minimum area required for mining operations. Individual leases may be consolidated into larger areas.